Ecophysiological characteristics of invasive Spartina alterniflora and native species in salt marshes of Yangtze River estuary,China     

Li-Fen Jiang  Yi-Qi Luo  Jia-Kuan Chen  Bo Li 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

Biological invasions represent one of the significant components of global change. A comparative study of invaders and co-occurring natives is a useful approach to gaining insights into the invasiveness of exotic plants. Spartina alterniflora, a C₄ grass, is a widespread invader in the coastal wetlands in China and other regions of the world. We conducted a comparative study of S. alterniflora and native C₃ species, Phragmites australis and Scirpus mariqueter, in terms of their gas exchange and efficiencies in resource utilization. We tested the hypothesis that S. alterniflora has growth-related ecophysiological advantages over the natives in its non-native range, which result in its rapid growth and enhance its invasiveness. Photosynthesis, leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf area (SLA), and the efficiency of resource use (light, water, and nitrogen) were examined monthly for eight months in 2004. Overall, S. alterniflora had greater LAI, higher maximal net photosynthetic rate (A_max), and longer growing season than those of the native species. On average, the efficiencies of S. alterniflora in light, water, and nitrogen utilization were respectively 10.1%, 26.1%, and 33.1% higher than those of P. australis, and respectively 70.3%, 53.5%, 28.3% higher than those of S. mariqueter. However, SLA of S. alterniflora was significantly lower than those of P. australis and S. mariqueter. Although there was no general pattern in the relationship between invasiveness and plant photosynthetic types, in this study, most of the ecophysiological characteristics that gave S. alterniflora a competitive advantage in the Yangtze River estuary were associated with photosynthetic pathways. Our results offer a greater understanding of the relationship between invasiveness and plant photosynthetic type. Our results also indicate that LAI and the length of the photosynthetic season, which vary with habitats, are also important in invasion success.  相似文献   

用硫酸镁和造纸草浆黑液制备吸附剂及其对活性黄ST-4RFN吸附研究     

郭鲁钢  王海增  邢坤 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,38(1):107-110,134

利用硫酸镁和造纸草浆黑液制备含镁氧化合物的吸附剂,通过化学分析、表面性质分析、X射线衍射和红外光谱等对吸附剂进行了表征.考察了吸附剂焙烧温度、投加量、吸附时间以及pH值等因素对活性黄ST-4RFN吸附性能的影响,吸附过程可用Freundlich模型来描述.  相似文献   

Approach to modeling and virtual-reality-based simulation for plant canopy lighting     

Haopeng Wang  Kai Zhao  Fengbin Song 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2008,18(4):374-381

Over the past 20 years, significant progress has been made in virtual plant modeling corresponding to the rapid advances in information technology. Virtual plant research has broad applications in agronomy, forestry, ecology and remote sensing. As many biological processes are driven by light, it is the key for virtual plant to estimate the light absorbed by each organ. This paper presents the radiance equation suitable for calculating sun and sky light intercepted by plant organs based on the principles of the interaction between light and plant canopy firstly; analyzes the process principles of plant canopy primary lighting based on ray casting and projection secondly; describes the multiple scattering of plant lighting based on Monte Carlo ray tracing method and on the radiosity method thirdly; and confirms the research with 3D visualization based on Virtual Reality Modeling Language （VRML） finally. The research is the primary work of digital agriculture, and important for monitoring and estimating corn growth in Northeast China.  相似文献   

台风过境期间辽河口滨海湿地水动力特征的数值模拟研究          下载免费PDF全文

王煜嘉  孙振宇  赵学凯  赵梓宇  弓耘  许慧  张明亮 《应用海洋学学报》2024,43(1):020-032

本研究基于FVCOM环流模型，耦合ECMWF背景风场和Jelesnianski台风经验模型形成合成风场，对9711台风“温妮”过境辽河口区域的水动力进行模拟研究。模型通过在动量方程、湍流方程中加入附加源项来表达盐沼植被对水动力的阻碍作用。使用研究区域实测的潮位、流速、流向等数据对水动力模型进行验证，模拟结果与实测数据吻合较好。结果表明：潮滩盐沼植被对台风过境期间的潮位变化无明显影响，但对流速具有显著的衰减作用，且芦苇对潮流的衰减作用大于盐地碱蓬植被，芦苇区的速度最大衰减率达81.43%。此外，台风路径变化对辽河口湿地海域的增减水及流速影响较大，台风强度越强，局部区域造成的风暴潮增水和流速也相应越大。  相似文献   

不同植被盖度沙质草地生长季土壤水分动态   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

王明明  刘新平  李玉霖  车力木格  罗永清  孙珊珊  魏静 《中国沙漠》2019,39(5):54-61

水分是干旱半干旱沙地生态系统最大的限制因子，研究植被盖度和土壤水分之间的关系有助于沙地生态恢复和保护。基于生长季科尔沁沙质草地不同植被盖度下土壤水分动态和降水的观测试验，分析了沙质草地植被盖度和土壤水分的耦合关系。结果表明：在土壤剖面上土壤水分存在明显的分层结构，依次为水分剧变层（0~40 cm）、缓变层（40~100 cm）和稳定层（100~180 cm）；植被盖度对土壤水分有很大影响，不同植被盖度下土壤含水量存在显著差异，土壤水分与盖度之间呈倒“V”型关系，土壤水分状况在28%的盖度下最优；不同的植被盖度下土壤水分对降水的响应也存在差异，在13%盖度下响应最敏感，28%和46%的盖度下响应微弱，后二者的土壤水分也相对稳定。在沙地生态恢复建设过程中合理的植被盖度配置可提高降水利用效率，并能使土壤水分和植被达到一种良好的平衡状态，从而有利于生态系统的稳定。  相似文献   

Integration of InVEST-habitat quality model with landscape pattern indexes to assess mountain plant biodiversity change: A case study of Bailongjiang watershed in Gansu Province   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

Gong  Jie  Xie  Yuchu  Cao  Erjia  Huang  Qiuyan  Li  Hongying 《地理学报(英文版)》2019,29(7):1193-1210

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Mountains in western China, hosted rich biodiversity and millions of people and inhabitant with vital ecosystem services, had experienced the most serious...  相似文献   

云南风能资源及其开发利用研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邢婷  郑有飞  朱勇 《气象与环境科学》2013,36(4):55-61

介绍了云南风能资源及其开发利用的研究现状和研究成果。分析了云南风能资源评价历程、分布特点和风电开发建设情况。总结了云南有关风电场选址、风能资源评估、风电功率预测预报以及山区风电场和风电机组设计的研究成果。剖析了云南风能资源及其开发利用中存在的问题并提出今后的发展方向。  相似文献   

Effects of corridor networks on plant species composition and diversity in an intensive agriculture landscape     

Qian Tang  Guofu Liang  Xunling Lu  Shengyan Ding 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(1):93-103

The development of modern agriculture has resulted in much homogenization of the landscape consisting of large patches of farmland,so small remnant non-crop habitats especially linear corridors play an important role in the conservation of species and the maintenance of ecosystem functions.However,little attention has been paid to the effects of corridors structural characteristics on the plant species restricted to such habitats.In this study,we selected three types of corridors including ditch,hedgerow and road,and ana-lyzed their structural characteristics.The plant species presented in these corridors were investigated,and the species diversity,abun-dance and frequency were estimated.Moreover,spatial arrangements of corridors were classified into different types to discuss whether there were significant effects of corridor network on plant distribution.The results show that three types of corridors have different ef-fects on plant species composition and diversity.The one-one combined corridor networks and total network associated by three corri-dors have more complex structural features than each single type of corridor.However,there is no strong correlation between the corri-dor networks with their plant species.We suggest that carrying out a pointed vegetation survey at corridor intersections to further test the relationships between structural features of corridor and plants is necessary.  相似文献   

4种典型滨海植物的耐盐能力          下载免费PDF全文

杜运领  陈玉珍  钱爱国  郦建锋  徐建强  傅菁菁  蔡鹭春  孙元敏  刘斌  张飞  郑滢  林莉  马勇  汤坤贤  李开河 《应用海洋学学报》2022,41(1):15-24

滨海植物是海岸生态系统的重要组成部分,而绝大部分滨海植物的耐盐能力与生态适应机制尚不清楚,本研究选择马鞍藤(Ipomoea pescaprae)、小刀豆(Canavalia cathartica)、全缘冬青(Ilex in?tegra)、大叶银边海桐(Pittosporum pentandrum)4种滨海典型植物,通过...  相似文献   

川西采气厂首口地质导向水平井钻井技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

徐云龙 《探矿工程》2014,41(2):1-3

广金6-2 HF井是川西采气厂在蓬莱镇组气藏首次应用随钻地质导向钻井技术完成的一口长水平段水平井。该井利用随钻地质导向技术及综合录井技术,优选钻具组合,精确控制井眼轨迹,准确卡住目的层砂顶以及A靶垂深,实现A靶精确着陆。单弯双扶钻具组合在蓬莱镇气藏具有良好的稳斜效果,该井水平段进尺为980.84 m,其中滑动钻进进尺为21.5 m,复合钻进进尺为959.34 m,复合钻进比例为97.8％,大大提高了钻井效率。岩屑录井显示,水平段钻遇泥岩4 m,泥质粉砂岩8 m,细粒岩屑砂岩968.84 m,储层钻遇率为98.8％。该井完钻后没有测井,利用地质导向资料及录井资料确定射孔位置,从而缩短了钻井周期,降低钻井成本。  相似文献